Philip IV of France

In 1306 he expelled the Jews from the royal lands of central France; later kings let some return.

France was more tangled, since political authority was more fragmented. Philip IV's expulsion of the Jews in 1306 applied only to the royal lands of central France, around Paris, and later kings let some return, only to expel them again within a few years. The expulsion became final only in 1394, and even then some Jews lingered in the southeast until 1501, and the papal lands around Avignon never saw them permanently removed.1