Statement

The Jews, with their that two yeshivot and the exilarch, were part of Baghdad's cultural mix and joined the theological and philosophical discussions that grew from the meeting of Greek philosophy and monotheism. Muslims, Jews, Christians and Zoroastrians all took part in Arabic kalam, the rational theology of the day. A Muslim visitor from Spain was taken aback by a debate in which no one could cite sacred books, since opponents rejected them, and everyone had to rely on reasoned argument alone.

Ancient witnesses mentioned by the sourceRelato de um estudioso muçulmano da Espanha

References

1. p. 160

   supports · main text · ch. 6

   Efron, Lehmann and Weitzman. The Jews: A History. 3rd edition. New York and Abingdon: Routledge, 2019.

   Verification anchor recorded · checked against the page text

2. p. 160

   supports · main text · ch. 6

   Efron, Lehmann and Weitzman. The Jews: A History. 3rd edition. New York and Abingdon: Routledge, 2019.

   Verification anchor recorded · checked against the page text